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Compare These Gun Death Rates: The U.S. Is in a Different World

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The New York Times

The U.S. Is in a Different World

The mass shooting in Orlando was appalling in scale: 49 killed in a single attack. But it’s not unusual for dozens of Americans to be killed by guns in a single day.

Gun homicides are a common cause of death in the United States, killing about as many people as car crashes (not counting van, truck, motorcycle or bus accidents). Some cases command our attention more than others, of course. Counting mass shootings that make headlines and the thousands of Americans murdered one or a few at a time, gunshot homicides totaled 8,124 in 2014, according to the F.B.I.

This level of violence makes the United States an extreme outlier when measured against the experience of other advanced countries.

Around the world, those countries have substantially lower rates of deaths from gun homicide. In Germany, being murdered with a gun is as uncommon as being killed by a falling object in the United States. About two people out of every million are killed in a gun homicide. Gun homicides are just as rare in several other European countries, including the Netherlands and Austria. In the United States, two per million is roughly the death rate for hypothermia or plane crashes.

In Poland and England, only about one out of every million people die in gun homicides each year — about as often as an American dies in an agricultural accident or falling from a ladder. In Japan, where gun homicides are even rarer, the likelihood of dying this way is about the same as an American’s chance of being killed by lightning — roughly one in 10 million.

In the United States, the death rate from gun homicides is about 31 per million people — the equivalent of 27 people shot dead every day of the year. The homicides include losses from mass shootings, like Sunday’s Orlando attack, or the San Bernardino, Calif., shooting last December. And of course, they also include the country’s vastly more common single-victim killings.

International comparisons help highlight how exceptional the United States is: In a nation where the right to bear arms is cherished by much of the population, gun homicides are a significant public health concern. For men 15 to 29, they are the third-leading cause of death, after accidents and suicides. In other high-income countries, gun homicides are unusual events. Last year’s Paris attacks killed 130 people, which is nearly as many as die from gun homicides in all of France in a typical year. But even if France had a mass shooting as deadly as the Paris attacks every month, its annual rate of gun homicide death would be lower than that in the United States.

The accompanying table shows the mortality rates for gun homicides in a variety of countries, along with a correspondingly likely cause of death in the United States.

Being killed with a gun here: Is about as likely as
dying of ________ in the U.S.
Deaths per mil.
El Salvador Heart attack 446.3
Mexico Pancreatic cancer 121.7
United States Car accident* 31.2
Chile Motorcycle accident 14.3
Israel Building fire 7.5
Canada Alcohol poisoning 5.6
Ireland Drowning in a lake, river or ocean 4.8
Netherlands Accidental gas poisoning 2.3
Germany Contact with a thrown or falling object 2.1
France Hypothermia 2.0
Austria Drowning in a swimming pool 1.9
Australia Falling from a building or structure 1.7
China Plane crash 1.6
Spain Exposure to excessive natural heat 1.6
New Zealand Falling from a ladder 1.5
Poland Bicycle-car crash 1.1
England Contact with agricultural machinery 0.9
Norway Accidental hanging or strangulation 0.9
Iceland Electrocution 0.6
Scotland Cataclysmic storms 0.5
South Korea Being crushed or pinched between objects 0.4
Japan Lightning strike 0.1
Note: Rates are averages of data available from 2007 to 2012; car accidents includes car occupants only; not van, truck, motorcycle or bus accidents

Our gun homicide numbers come from the Small Arms Survey, a Swiss nonprofit affiliated with the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, and represent the average gun homicide death rates with data available in those countries between 2007 and 2012. (Data was unavailable for some countries in later years of that period). The United States death rates come from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention over those same years. There are more recent statistics on American gun deaths, like the F.B.I. number at the top of this article, but we chose these years to provide fair comparisons. We focused on the rates of gun homicides; the overall rate of gun deaths is substantially higher, because suicides make up a majority of gun deaths in the United States and are also higher than in other developed countries.

The table is not meant to make light of rare causes of death. Instead, we show them as a way to help think meaningfully about the differences among gun death rates.

13 Deadliest Shootings in America

The mass shooting in Orlando, Fla., was the worst in U.S. history. Every year, hundreds die in similar episodes. These are some of the deadliest.

By TURNER COWLES, ROBIN STEIN and MANJULA VARGHESE on Publish Date June 13, 2016. Photo by Getty Images/The New York Times. Watch in Times Video »

The rate of gun violence in the United States is not the highest in the world. In parts of Central America, Africa and the Middle East, the gun death rates are even higher — close to those from heart attacks and lung cancer in the United States. In neighboring Mexico, where a drug war rages, 122 people per million die in a gun homicide, a rate slightly higher than Americans’ death rate from pancreatic cancer. But the countries with those levels of gun violence are not like the United States in many other ways, including G.D.P., life expectancy and education. Among developed democracies, the United States is an outlier.

Editor’s note: A version of this article was first published in December 2015 and was updated after the Orlando shootings.

Correction: June 13, 2016An earlier version of this article gave an incorrect total for gunshot homicides in the United States in 2014. It is 8,124, not 11,961.

Correction: June 20, 2016An earlier version of this article was imprecise in describing the data from the Small Arms Survey in measuring countries’ gun death rates. It was an average of available data for the period 2007 to 2012. It was not an average of all the data from 2007 to 2012 in those countries because data from later years in that period were not available for some of the countries.

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A version of this article appears in print on June 14, 2016, on page A3 of the New York edition with the headline: The U.S. Is a World Apart in Gun Death Rates. Order Reprints Today’s PaperSubscribe

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